多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病史：女，31岁，月经不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

摄影机展示出：盆腔超音波和MRI T2WI揭示腺体缩小，远处囊鳖大于12亚厘米。远处腺体细胞内在超音波上强回声，MRI上很低回波。未见占优卵鳖。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多囊腺体syndrome

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

咨询：多囊腺体syndrome也叫S-Lsyndrome。是女性男婴的最少用原因。主要是由于激素紊乱所致仍然无受精和雄激素分泌过盛。PCOS十分相似原于征：肥胖、闭经和小头病症。但仅有半数病患者展示出为此原于病症。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需改用摄影机检查进一步获取越来越多信息。十分相似的超音波/MRI病征包括：腺体缩小、变圆，外周多发小囊鳖，腺体细胞内US上强回声，T2WI很低回波。PCOS病患者提议仍然随访，因仍然荷尔蒙水平过高，可能会继发乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上隐喻节选自腹部摄影机病例汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊腺体syndrome

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 月经

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 小囊

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 强回声的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不育

7. endocrinologic 激素的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 中断受精

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 雄激素过多病症

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 小头病症

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 腺体

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 细胞内

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生回声（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 荷尔蒙

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊腺体syndrome